Math is also a type of a language, so why wouldn't we ____ (7) it as if we were learning English, Japanese or social studies? The Japanese say that if you teach what you learn, you will remember about 90 percent. If teachers stand at the board and just lecture, through mere listening, the students will ____ (8) far less - say, 40 percent - so it's far more effective to have them discussing problems and teaching each other. Also, it's important to have very little ____ (9) or rest time and to constantly keep them motivated.
Unit
7. FURTHER EDUCATION - KEY
PART I. LANGUAGE FOCUS
1. Vocabulary
further
education (n): giáo dục dạy nghề
higher
education (n): giáo dục đại học
academic
(adj): mang tính học thuật
Vocational
(adj): liên quan đến nghề nghiệp
analytical
(adj): thuộc phân tích
critical
(adj): thuộc phản biện
critical
thinking (n): tư duy phản biện
bachelor (n):
cử nhân
bachelor's
degree (n): bằng tốt nghiệp đại học
master (n):
thạc sĩ
master's
degree (n): bằng thạc sĩ
doctor (n):
tiến sĩ
doctoral
degree (n): bằng tiến sĩ = doctorate = PhD
undergraduate
(n): đại học
postgraduate
(n): sau đại học, học viên cao học
practical
(adj): có tính thực hành
qualification
(n): bằng cấp
study abroad:
đi du học
major (n):
chuyên ngành
internship
(n): việc thực tập
curriculum
vitae (n): sơ yếu lý lịch, bản lý lịch = CV = résumé
institution
(n): cơ sở, cơ quan
kindergarten
(n): trường mẫu giáo
pursue (v):
theo đuổi, học lên
scientifically
(adv): có tính khoa học
appreciate
(v): công nhận, đánh giá cao
respectively
(adv): theo thứ tự
broaden (v):
mở rộng
interaction
(n): sự ảnh hưởng lẫn nhau
available
(adj): có
availability
(n): sự có sẵn
mandatory
(adj): bắt buộc
distance
education (n): giáo dục từ xa
exchange
student (n): sinh viên sang học ở nước khác theo chương trình trao đổi sinh viên
simultaneously
(adv): cùng một lúc
credit-based
course (n): khóa học theo tín chỉ
cloud (n):
hiệu ứng đám mây (để lưu trữ dữ liệu)
flexibility
(n): sự linh động
coordinator
(n): điều phối viên
overcome (v):
vượt qua
eligible
(adj): đủ điều kiện
consult (v):
tư vấn
entry
requirement (n): điều kiện đầu vào
transcript
(n): bản sao học bạ, bảng điểm = transcript of marks
accommodation
(n): chỗ ở
hall of
residence (n): nơi ăn ở của sinh viên đại học
bank account
(n): tài khoản ngân hàng
enroll (v):
đăng ký, tuyển
admission (n):
sự chấp nhận (cho học)
polytechnic
(n): trường bách khoa
essential
(adj): cần thiết
collaboration
(n): sự hợp tác
2. Grammar
The present perfect and present perfect continuous
2.1. The present perfect (Thì hiện tại hoàn thành)
2.1.1. Form:
+) S + have/has +V-(e)d/V-3 She has lived
in California.
She has left her hometown.
-) S + have/has not +
V-(e)d/V-3 They have not lived in California
They have not left their
hometown.
+) Have/has+ s + V-(e)d/V-3? Have you lived in California?
Have you left your hometown?
|
* Notes:
- V-3 là động từ bất quy tắc, ta
phải học thuộc lòng trong cột thứ 3 của bảng động từ bất quy tắc.
- Has dùng với ngôi thứ ba số ít,
have dùng với các ngôi số còn lại.
2.1.2. Use: Thì hiện tại hoàn thành được dùng để nói về:
- Hành động xảy ra trong quá khứ
nhưng thời gian không rõ ràng.
e.g. She has gone out to visit her friends.
(Bà ấy đã ra ngoài thăm các bạn
mình.)
I have learnt English.
(Mình đã học Tiếng Anh.)
He has worked for police force.
(Ông ấy đã làm cho ngành công
an.)
- Tình huống hiện tại bắt đầu
trong quá khứ, thường dùng với since/for
e.g. He has learnt English since 2002.
(Anh ấy bắt đầu học Tiếng Anh từ
năm 2002,)
My dad has worked as a carpenter for 30 years.
(Bố của tôi đã làm nghề thợ mộc
được 30 năm)
* Notes:
- for + khoảng thời gian (3 days,
5 years, a long time...), since + mốc thời gian (last Monday, 2015, his
childhood ....).
- Phân biệt last + ... và for the
last + …: last week: tuần trước (đã kết thúc), for the last week: suốt tuần qua
(tính đến hiện tại, vẫn còn), last month - for the last month, last semester -
for the last semester .....
e.g. We repainted our house last week.
(Chúng tôi sơn lại nhà tuần
trước.)
We have painted our house for the last week.
(Chúng tôi sơn lại nhà suốt tuần
qua.).
2.2. The present perfect continuous (Thì hiện tại hoàn thành tiếp
diễn).
2.2.1. Form:
+) S + have/has + been +V-ing
She has been living in California for 5
years.
-) S + have/has not + been +
V-ing They have not been living in California
for 5 years.
?) Have/has+ S + been + V-ing? Have you been living in California for 5 years?
|
* Note: Has dùng với ngôi
thứ ba số ít, have dùng với các ngôi số còn lại.
2.2.2. Use: Thì hiện tại hoàn thành tiếp diễn được dùng để nói về:
- Hành động đã diễn ra được bao
lâu tính cho đến hiện tại (ta cũng có thể dùng thì hiện tại hoàn thành trong
trường hợp này).
e.g. She has been sleeping for 4 hours.
(Cô bé đã ngủ được 4 tiếng rồi.)
She has slept for 4 hours.
(Cô bé đã ngủ được 4 tiếng rồi.)
He has been working for police force for a long time.
(Ông ấy đã làm cho nghành công an
được một thời gian dài rồi.)
He has worked for police force for a long time.
(Ông ấy đã làm cho nghành công an
được một thời gian dài rồi.)
- Hành động diễn ra trong quá khứ
và vẫn còn để lại dấu vết ở hiện tại.
e.g. The ground is wet. It has been raining.
(Mặt đất vẫn còn ướt. Trời đã
mưa.)
* Note: Phân biệt thì hiện tại hoàn thành và thì hiện
tại hoàn thành tiếp diễn: mặc dù ta có thể dùng thì hiện tại hoàn thành để thay
thế cho thì hiện tại hoàn thành tiếp diễn nhưng thì hiện tại hoàn thành tiếp
diễn thiên về nhấn mạnh quá trình còn thì hiện tại hoàn thành thiên về nhấn
mạnh kết quả.
e.g. We repainted our house.
Chúng tôi đã sơn lại nhà (đã sơn
xong).
We have been painting our house for several hours.
Chúng tôi sơn nhà đã được một vài
tiếng (giờ vẫn đang tiếp tục sơn).
I started
reading 3 hours ago. Now I am on page 8. I have been reading for 3 hours and I
have read 8 pages.
Mình bắt đầu đọc sách 3 giờ trước. Giờ mình
đọc đến trang 8 rồi. Mình đã đọc được 3 giờ và đọc được 8 trang.
3. Pronunciation
Intonation (ngữ điệu)
- Trong lời nói tự nhiên người
bản ngữ lên giọng ở cuối câu với câu hỏi Yes/No.
e.g. Have you found your key?
(Anh tìm thấy chìa khóa chưa?).
Do you think that it's a fantastic film?
(Chú có nghĩ rằng nó là một bộ phim tuyệt vời không?)
- Trong lời nói tự nhiên người
bản ngữ xuống giọng ở cuối câu với câu hỏi với từ để hỏi Wh-.
e.g. How long have you been working here?
(Cô làm việc ở đây lâu chưa?)
Why did you get that scholarship?
(Làm sao mà bạn lại nhận được học
bổng đó?)
PART II. PRACTICE
1. Match each picture with a suitable word/phrase.
1.
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a. analytical
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2.
|
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b. kindergarten
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3.
|
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c. bank account
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4.
|
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d. hall of residence
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5.
|
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e. transcript of marks
|
Your answer:
1. ____e____ 2. ____a____ 3. ____b____ 4. ____c____ 5. ____d____
2. Give the English word and Vietnamese meaning to each of the
following transcription.
1. ____vocational_____ /vəʊˈkeɪʃənl/ (adj): _____liên quan đến nghề nghiệp_____
2. ____qualification_____ /ˌkwɒlɪfɪˈkeɪʃn/ (n): ____bằng cấp_____
3. ____internship_____ /ˈɪntɜːnʃɪp/ (n): _____việc thực tập______
4. _____institution_______ /ˌɪnstɪˈtʃuːʃn/ (n): _____cơ sở, cơ quan_____
5. _____appreciate_______ /əˈpriːʃieɪt/ (v): ____công nhận, đánh giá cao______
6. _____mandatory_______ /ˈmændətəri/ (adj): ______bắt buộc______
7. ____simultaneously_______ /ˌsɪmlˈteɪniəsli/ (adv): _____cùng một lúc_____
8. ____eligible_____ /ˈelɪdʒəbl/ (adj): _____đủ điều kiện______
9. ____accommodation_____ /əˌkɒməˈdeɪʃn/ (n): ______chỗ ở_____
10. ____admission_____ /ədˈmɪʃn/ (n): ______sự chấp nhận (cho học)______
3. Give the correct form of the verbs in brackets.
1. As you __have already seen__ (already/see) in Section A of this application,
I have a good academic record.
2. William ______has just received______ (just/receive)
the results of his recent exams.
3. Your university attracts me
because I enjoy sports and I ______have
read____
(read) in your prospectus about
the large number of sports on offer.
4. They _____have recently joined____ (recently/join) a basketball team which
competes at a national level.
5. The group of students _____have been working______ (work) on their
presentation for the past few days.
6. How long _________have you been living_________ (you/live)
here?
7. I ______have been studying/ have studied________ (study) at a college here
since I arrived.
8. ______Have you done_____ (you/do)
any travelling over the past 3 years?
9. She _____has been taking______ (take) singing lessons for a few months now
too.
10. My sister _____has been doing_____ (do) a Hospitality
and Tourism course over here, so she needs English for her study.
4. Complete the following sentences.
1. There is a heap of hot ashes.
Someone ___has been starting a fire./
has been burning dead branches____.
2. The ground is still wet.
It/Someone ___It has been raining./
Someone has been spraying water on it__.
3. Yesterday the ceiling was
blue, but it is red now. Someone ____has
been painting it./ has painted it____.
4. The boy has a black eye and a
cut lip. He _____has been fighting./ has
been falling____.
5. The safe is empty _____its owners have been putting away the
money./ burglars have been stealing the money______.
5. Find and correct mistakes in following sentences.
1. I have not been finishing my assignments
yet.
I have not finished my
assignments yet.
2. The sales manager played an important role in the
development of the organization for the past 3 quarters.
The sales manager has been playing an
important role in the development of the organization for the past
3 quarters.
Or: The sales manager played an
important role in the development of the organization last quarter.
3. They have been searching for
information about higher education in Australia for last week.
They have been searching for information
about higher education in Australia for the last week
4. The board of director has been making big decisions to
relocate and renovate the company recently.
The board of director has made big
decisions to relocate and renovate the company recently.
5. That Master of TESOL student
has been reading 20 reliable
articles to complete his thesis.
That Master of TESOL student has read 20
reliable articles to complete his thesis.
PART III. TEST YOURSELF
1. Gap - filling: Choose the suitable words from the box to complete
the sentences.
cloud major pursue appreciated curriculum
vitae
flexibility overcame academic available educationalist
|
1. She was perhaps the most
significant ______educationalist_____
of the 20th century.
2. The enrolment criteria are
geographical rather than _______academic_____.
3. Her _____major_______ is French. She spends most of her time for it.
4. Applications with a full ___curriculum vitae___ and two references should
reach the Principal by June 12th.
5. We intend to ________pursue_______ this policy with
determination.
6. His talents are not fully
_______appreciated________ in that
company.
7. Further information is _______available_______ on request.
8. Key company documents are now
stored in the ______cloud______, so
you no longer need to save them to your computer's hard drive.
9. Computers offer a much greater
degree of ______flexibility_____ in
the way work is organized.
10. She ______overcame______ injury to win the
Olympic gold medal several years ago.
2. Match each word/phrase on the left with its description on the
right.
1. higher education
|
a. to recognize the good
qualities of somebody/ something
|
2. postgraduate
|
b. to do something or try to
achieve something over a period of time
|
3. further education
|
c. education and training at
college and university, especially to degree level
|
4. appreciate
|
d. a person who already holds a
first degree and who is doing advanced study or research; a graduate student
|
5. pursue
|
e, education that is provided
for people after leaving school, but not at a university
|
Your answer:
1. ____c____ 2. ____d____ 3. ____e____ 4. ____a____ 5. ____b____
3. Word formation: Give the correct form of the words in brackets.
1. Her classmates admire her so
much because she has a clear _______analytical_____
mind. (analyze)
2. There are some obvious ______practical_____ applications of the research.
(practice)
3. In this job, experience counts
for more than paper _______qualifications______.(qualify)
4. An ______internship_____ at a television station is a wonderful experience for
him. (intern)
5. Having failed a number of
times, he is learning how to think ______scientifically_____.
(science)
6. Please accept this gift in
______appreciation____ of all you've
done for us. (appreciate)
7. The ____interaction_____ of bacteria with the body's natural chemistry is
being examined. (interact)
8. The new plane was a triumph of
European industrial and technical ______collaboration______.
(collaborate)
9. She assessed each of her
students to determine their _______eligibility______
to take the higher exam. (eligible)
10. Julie and Mark, aged 17 and
19 _______respectively_____. (respect)
4. Choose the best answer.
1. It is mandatory for
blood banks to test all donated blood for the virus. The underlined word has
the closest meaning to ____.
A. factory B. compulsory C.
possible D. successful
2. Ted: “Who should I call
concerning the lawsuit?" - Tony: “____”
A. I'm on
holiday until next week.
B. You ought to talk to Mr.
Nguyen first.
C. I was not
concerning the suit.
D. No, the
manager doesn't wear business suits every day.
3. Bachelor's ____ include
Bachelor of Arts (B.A.) and Bachelor of Science (B.SC.)
A. degrees B. agrees C. downturns D. achievement
4. Previous teaching experience
is a necessary ____ for this job.
A. subtraction B. extinction C. distraction D. qualification
5. “They are building a language
centre for disabled students. They started building it 6 months ago." has
the closest meaning to ____.
A. They have been building a
language centre for disabled students for 6 months.
B. They
haven't been building a language centre for disabled students for 6 months.
C. They
haven't built a language centre for disabled students for 6 months.
D. They built
a language centre for disabled students for 6 months.
6. “The last time he worked out
was 5 years ago." has the closest meaning to ____.
A. He has been
working out for 5 years. B.
He has not worked out 5 years ago.
C. He has not worked out for 5
years. D. He has not been working out 5 years ago.
7. Send a full CV ( ____ Vitae)
with your job application.
A. Column B. Curriculum C.
Color D. Culture
8. Spending a year working in the
city helped to ____ his horizons.
A. steal B. deal C. burden D. broaden
9. We'll send you a copy as soon
as it becomes ____.
A. unstable B. able C. available D.
disabled
10. The slowdown of the US
economy occurred ____ with a downturn in Europe.
A. usually B. always C. happily D. simultaneously
11. She ____ for an MA scholarship
for four times. Now she is preparing to apply for the fifth time.
A. has been
applying B. has been applied C. has applied D.
had applied
12. Fees for his vocational
course ____ by his parents.
A. paid B. have been paid C. have been paying D. had paid
13. Prof. Wilson has been giving
the same seminar to students ____.
A. for the last 12 years B. for last 12 years C. in the last 12 years D. the last 12 years
14. The charity will be taking
food and ____ supplies to six refugee camps.
A. need B. essential C. absent D. self-esteem
15. Choose the word with a stress
pattern different from the others.
A. bachelor B. critical C. internship D. appreciate
16. The new regulations made a
lot of prisoners ____ for early release.
A. eligible B. successful C. dedicated D. interfered
17. Choose the answer which needs
correcting,
The life of
the farmers in this area has changed a lot over last 10 years.
A B C
D
18. Choose the answer which needs
correcting.
What is
the most interesting thing you did over the last few months?
A B C D
19. Choose the word with a stress
pattern different from the others.
A. institution B. curriculum C.
analytical D. undergraduate
20. Choose the word with a stress
pattern different from the others.
A.
simultaneously B.
flexibility C. respectively D.
polytechnic
5. Rearrange the words/phrases to make meaningful sentences.
1. of / need / enroll / the / to
/ end / August. / You / before
You need to enroll before the end of
August.
2. price / accommodation / Hotel
/ included / the / of / in / your / holiday. / is
Hotel accommodation is included in the
price of your holiday.
3. about / I / to / consulted /
expect / issues. / be / major
I expect to be consulted about major
issues.
4. are / country? / you / When /
eligible / vote / your / to / in
When are you eligible to vote in your
country?
5. availability / her / before /
the / you / Check / schedule / meeting.
Check her availability before you schedule
the meeting.
6. Read the passage and choose the best answer.
Interesting Facts about Japanese School
System
How fast can
you multiply 21 times 13? And, what about 123 times 321? Well, Japanese
children do it in no time, with a help of several lines. Any kid can do that,
even a five year old. They don't learn numbers ____ (1). Instead, they draw and
play.
You wonder how
can it be? This is because teaching in this country is about the quality of
lessons, not ____ (2). Here's an example of a regular math class in Japan:
The class
starts with the customary aisatsu (greetings) to the teacher and ____ (3) by
his question if students know how to solve a problem he had previously put up
on the board. That day his class ____ (4) to learn how to solve equations with
multiple fractions and he instructs his fifth-graders how to approach these
math problems.
The first
student to finish shots a hand up. The teacher walks over, glances ____ (5) the
problem and circles it to signal it was correct. The student then gets up and
away from his seat. Another hand shots up. But, this time the first student
____ (6) the role of the teacher, or the corrector.
Math is also a
type of a language, so why wouldn't we ____ (7) it as if we were learning
English, Japanese or social studies? The Japanese say that if you teach what
you learn, you will remember about 90 percent. If teachers stand at the board
and just lecture, through mere listening, the students will ____ (8) far less -
say, 40 percent - so it's far more effective to have them discussing problems
and teaching each other. Also, it's important to have very little ____ (9) or
rest time and to constantly keep them motivated.
Children all around the world
usually learn between 26-33 letters (not ____ (10) into account certain Asian
languages which have a rather pictographic approach). Do you know how many
characters Japanese children need to know in order to read and write? More than
26, that's for sure.
1. A. by heart B. by picture C. in heart D.
in picture
2. A. quantity B.
qualified C. amount D. number of
3. A. followed B. is followed C.
follows D. following
4. A. suppose B. were supposed C. is supposed D.
supposing
5. A. onto B. into C. at D. over
6. A. doing B. makes C. have D. takes
7. A. attack B. approach C.
attract D. allow
8. A. retain B.
sustain C. substance D. decrease
9. A. parties B. cakes C. downtime D.
durable
10. A. cleaning B. spraying C. removing D. taking
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